Unity Game Development Course

Unity Hub Installation:

• Step 1: Go to the Unity Download Page.
• Step 2: Download Unity Hub for your operating system.
• Step3: Install Unity Hub by following the on-screen instructions.

Installing Unity Editor:

• Step 1: Open Unity Hub and click on the "Installs" tab.
• Step 2: Click on "Add" to select the version of Unity you want to install.
• Step 3: Choose the required modules (Android, iOS, WebGL, etc.) based on your project needs.
• Step 4: Click "Next" and complete the installation.

What is Visual Studio?

Visual Studio is an integrated development environment (IDE) from Microsoft. It's used to write and edit C scripts in Unity, offering features like IntelliSense, debugging, and more.

Installing Visual Studio:

• Step 1: During Unity installation, ensure that the Visual Studio checkbox is selected.
• Step 2: Download Visual Studio from the official website if you missed it.
• Step 3: Install Visual Studio, ensuring that you include the "Game Development with Unity" workload.

Configuring Visual Studio with Unity:

• Step 1: Open Unity, go to Edit > Preferences > External Tools. Step 2: Set Visual Studio as the external script editor.

Unity Editor Layout:

• Hierarchy: Displays all GameObjects in the scene.
• Scene: Where you build your game visually by placing
• objects. Game: Shows what your game will look like when played.
• Inspector: Shows properties of the selected
• GameObject. Project: Shows all assets, scripts, and files in your project.
• Console: Displays errors, warnings, and logs.

Customizing the Layout:

• You can drag and drop panels to rearrange the layout.
• Save custom layouts for different tasks (e.g., coding, level design).

Navigating the Scene View:

• Use the mouse and keyboard to move around the scene. W, E, R: Shortcuts for Move, Rotate, and Scale tools.

Starting a New Project:

• Step 1: Open Unity Hub, click "New Project."
• Step 2: Choose a template (2D or 3D).
• Step 3: Name your project and choose a save location.

Step 4: Click "Create."

Organizing the Project:

• Create folders for Scenes, Scripts, Prefabs, Materials, etc. Always keep your project well-organized to make it easier to manage.

Understanding GameObjects:

A GameObject is the fundamental object in Unity that represents characters, props, and other elements.GameObjects can be empty (just a container) or have visual representations (like a 3D model).

Examples of GameObjects:

• Cube: A simple 3D object.
• Sphere: Another basic 3D object.

Camera: Captures the scene and displays it on the screen.

Light: Illuminates the scene.

Components and Their Purpose:

• Transform: Controls the position, rotation, and scale of a GameObject.
• Rigidbody: Adds physics properties like gravity to the GameObject.
• Collider: Defines the shape of the GameObject for physical interactions.

Adding/Removing Components:

• Right-click on a GameObject, and go to Component > Add to add new components. In the Inspector, click on the cogwheel next to a component to remove it.

Introduction to C#

C# (C-Sharp) is the primary programming language used in Unity. C# scriptscontrol GameObjects and the behavior of the game.

Basic Syntax:

A C# script in Unity typically looks like this:

using UnityEngine;
public class MyFirstScript:MonoBehaviour{
/ Start is called before the first frame
update void Start(){
Debug.Log("Hello, Unity!");
}
/ Update is called once per
frame void Update(){
}
}

Creating and Attaching Scripts:

• Step 1: In the Project panel, right-click and selectCreate > C Script.
• Step 2: Name the script and double-click it to open in Visual Studio.
• Step 3: Attach the script to a GameObject by dragging it from the Project panel to the GameObject in the Hierarchy or Inspector.

Unity's Built-in Methods:

Start(): Called before the first frame update. Use this for initialization. Update(): Called once per frame. Use this to check for inputs, move objects, etc.

FixedUpdate(): Called at a fixed interval. Use this for physics-related updates.

Commonly Used Functions:

Transform.Translate(): Moves an object by a vector. Rigidbody.

AddForce(): Applies force to a Rigidbody.

Debug.Log(): Outputs a message to the console.

Code Snippets:

void Update(){
/Move the object forward
transform.Translate(Vector3.forward *
Time.deltaTime);
}
void OnCollisionEnter(Collision collision){
Debug.Log("Collided with "+
collision.gameObject.name);
}

Basic Input Handling:

Unity provides built-in functions to detect player input from keyboards, mice, and game controllers.

Keyboard Input

Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space): Detects if the space bar is pressed.
void Update() {
if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space))
{
Debug.Log("Space key is held
down");
} }

MouseInput:

Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0): Detects if the left mouse button is clicked.
void Update()
{
if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0))
{
Debug.Log("Left mouse button clicked");
}
}

Creating a Basic Character Controller:

void Update()
{
float moveHorizontal =
Input.GetAxis("Horizontal"); float moveVertical =
Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
Vector3 movement = new Vector3(moveHorizontal, 0.0f,
moveVertical); transform.Translate(movement * Time.deltaTime);
}

Physics in Unity:

Unity uses a physics engine to simulate real-world physics like gravity, forces, and collisions.

Rigidbody:

Attach a Rigidbody component to a GameObject to enable physics.

Gravity: Check this to make the GameObject fall under gravity.

Collision Detection:

Collider: Use BoxCollider, SphereCollider, etc., to define the shape for collisions.

On Collision Enter(): Called when this GameObject collides with another.

OnTriggerEnter(): Called when another GameObject enters a trigger collider attached to this GameObject.

Code Snippets:

void OnCollisionEnter(Collision collision){
Debug.Log("Collided with "+
collision.gameObject.name);
}

What are Prefabs?

A Prefab is a reusable GameObject stored as an asset. Useful for creating multiple instances of the same object.

Creating a Prefab:

Step 1: Create a GameObject in the scene.

Step 2: Drag the GameObject from the Hierarchy to the Project panel to create a Prefab.

Step 3: Use this Prefab in different scenes or instantiate it at runtime.

Instantiating GameObjects at Runtime:

public GameObject myPrefab;
void Start()
{
Instantiate(myPrefab, new Vector3(0, 0, 0), Quaternion.identity);
}

Creating a Simple UI:

Canvas: The root for all UI elements. Automatically created when adding UI elements.

Text: Display text on the screen.

Button: Interactive element that can trigger events.

Image: Display images (e.g., for icons, and backgrounds).

Handling UI Events:

Add functionality to buttons via the OnClick() event in the inspector. Use scripts to dynamically update UI elements.

Code Snippets:

public Text myText;
public void
UpdateText(){
myText.text ="Button Clicked!";
}

Building the Project:

Step 1: Go to File > Build Settings.

Step 2: Choose your target platform (PC, Android, iOS, WebGL).

Step 3: Add your scenes to the build by clicking "Add Open

Scenes." Step 4: Click "Build" and choose a location to save your build.

Deploying the Game:

Build for PC, Mobile, or Web platforms. Make sure to test your game on the target platform to ensure it runs smoothly.

Using the Console:

The Console displays errors, warnings, and logs.Use Debug.Log() to output custom messages for debugging.

Profiling Tools:

Use Unity's Profiler to monitor performance (CPU, GPU usage, memory, etc.). Identify and fix performance bottlenecks in your game.

Basic Optimization Tips:

Reducing Draw Calls: Combine meshes, and use texture atlases.

Optimizing Scripts: Avoid expensive operations in Update().

Optimizing Physics: Use simple colliders, and reduce unnecessary physics interactions.